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Portable sprinkling machines are designed for vegetative irrigation of all field and garden crops. Sprinkling machines can be used for crops and seed irrigation at the time of root crops harvest to provide protection against frost. Pumping engines, pipes and sprinkling elements can be used for anti-fire and anti-flood actions EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION A great diversity of fields which can be irrigated does not let show an universal solution of a sprinkling machine which could be used in all cases. The examples below show the way of constructing the sprinkling machine, as well as show the area which can be irrigated with devices used in this example
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PORTABLE FIELD
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PORTABLE SPRINKLING MACHINE FOR WATERIn the example of a sprinkling machine, an electric pumping machine - 400 was used. A supplying pipeline is built of pipes and fittings of 89 mm in diameter (elements of N 605 sprinkling machine). Technical exploitation unit (TJE) of a sprinkling machine is a spray pipeline built of pipes and fittings of 70 mm in diameter (elements of M 604 sprinkling machine) on which 9 sprinklers with 6 mm main nozzle with 18 m spacing were installed. Working length of TJE is 162 m. Assuming that the pipeline with sprinklers will be moved by 18 m, the area of irrigation unit (OBJ) has 0,292 ha (162 x 18 m2).
The delivery of a sprinkler is 3,4 mVh, what at the 18 m x 18 m spacing gives the fall called a nominal, collective intensity of 10,6 mm/h. In order to get 30 mm sprinkling dose, a pipeline with sprinklers must irrigate on one standing for 2,8 h (30 : 10,6). Taking into consideration that the shunting of a side pipeline lasts 30 minutes and the irrigation is done in a 14-day cycle with one-shift working in 40 h/week, there are 24 working positions <2 x 40 : (2,8+0,5)>. In the following conditions, the sprinkling machine can irrigate 7,0 ha (24 x 0,292) of the crops at the pump delivery of 30 mVh (9 x 3,4). The diagram of such sprinkling machine is shown on diagram nr 1.
A portable sprinkling machine, as in the example, can be used for irrigation of all kind of crops in a lowland area, in which the altitude difference between the highest point of an irrigated crop and the surface of water source is less than 10 m. By increasing the weekly working time, the area irrigated by the shown sprinkling machine can be doubled (up to 15 ha).
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PORTABLE SPRINKLING MACHINE FOR LIQUID MANURE
Portable sprinkling machine for liquid manure can be built of aluminum pipes of 89 ; 108 mm in diameter with suitable elements, including bends, T-pipes, hole plugs etc. Pumps for liquid manure should have efficiency of 40m3/h and pressure of approx. 1 Mpa (approx. 10 atm.).
An example of such sprinkling machine is shown on diagram nr 2. A surface pipeline runs from the pump fixed at the manure tank of an animal farm to an irrigated field. In the example two manure sprinklers working alternatively were used. A working time of a sprinkler depends on the needed spray dose and the degree of dilution with water (dry matter contents). A sprinkler usually works from V2 to 1 hour on one standing in a manuring irrigation. The length of a pipeline supplying manure to a sprinkler L2 + L2 + L3 +L4 in a lowland area (at the 10 m altitude difference between a pumping station and a sprinkler) can have up to 2700 m. At the higher altitude difference, a pipeline should be shortened, assuming that each 500 m in length corresponds with 10 m in altitude difference.
In the following example both sprinkling pipelines have the length (L4) allowing for triple relocation of a sprinkler on each of them which gives 6 working position altogether. Assuming that a sprinkler works 45 minutes on one position, total time of sprinkler work at one position of a sprinkling pipeline is 4 hours (6 x 0,75 h). At that time the area of 1,1 ha (6 x 43 x 43 m2) will be irrigated and 160 m3 (4 x 40m3) of liquid manure will be sprinkled. By installing 20 T-pipes in the supplying pipeline L3, the same number of positions of sprinkling pipelines is obtained. At the 80 hours of sprinklers' working time, the whole sprinkling machine will irrigate the area of 22 ha (258 x 860 m), distributing 3200 m3 of liquid manure.
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